Preface – ASCO Lung Cancer 2023

Under this year’s motto “partnering with patients: the cornerstone of cancer care and research”, oncology experts from around the world gathered at the Annual Meeting of the American Society of ­Clinical Oncology (ASCO) in Chicago, USA, and virtually from 2nd–6th June 2023, to discuss the latest data in lung cancer with emphasis on practice-changing new studies, less toxic treatments, precision oncology and new ways to reduce collateral damage.

New clinical insights in hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) affect­ed approximately 905,000 new dia­g­nosed cases worldwide in 2020 and showed a high mortality rate. Current first-line treatment for advanced HCC includes atezolizumab plus bevacizumab, as well as the tyrosine kinase inhibitors sorafenib and lenvatinib. Previously reported data of the ­KEYNOTE-224 single-arm, non-randomized, multicenter, open-label, phase II study (NCT02702414) in advanced HCC have shown that pembrolizumab mono­thera­py has a durable antitumor activity and a manageable safety profile in sorafenib-pretreated (cohort 1) and treatment-naive (cohort 2) patients.

Extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer: successful and less successful combination strategies

n the first-line treatment of patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC), the IMpower133 and CASPIAN trials have established the anti-PD-L1 antibodies atezolizumab and durvalumab, respectively, as standard-of-care treatment in addition to platinum-etoposide. However, PD-L1 inhibitors can only prolong overall survival by approximately 2 months and disease progression eventually develops in most cases, which still implies a significant unmet need for new therapies to improve long-term outcomes.

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